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Wiring party
Wiring parties, (or wiring sappers, cutters), were used during World War I on the Western Front as an offensive countermeasure against the enemy’s barbed wire obstacles. Though a hazardous and stressful duty, workers worked at night to repair, improve, and rebuild their own wire defences, while also sabotaging and cutting the enemy's. In battles all across the Western Front, cutting parties were successful in creating breaches in the wire lines, offering their comrades a better chance to make it across no man's land.
Barbed wire was one of the attacker's great problems. There were cutters, but not enough, and men were often killed before they could cut a way. 〔Ferro, Marc. ''Great War, 1914-1918'', 87.〕
==New technology==
The outbreak of World War I sparked a revolution in modern warfare, and the use of barbed wire on the battlefield was one of the many technologies relied on to hamper the enemy's attack. Originally used by American cattle ranchers since the 1870s, barbed wire was adapted on the Western Front to serve a more gruesome purpose than containing livestock. 〔Keegan, John. ''World War'', 175.〕 Transformed into a weapon of war, it was shaped to create deadly obstacles in the path of assaulting enemy troops. Meant to trap, maim, and make easy targets of the opponent, they ranged from a single strand of wire arranged to trip men in the dark, to a 150-metre-long construction and tall〔Knight, W. Stanley MacBean. ''The History of the Great European War: Its Causes and Effects'', 184.〕 By spring of 1915, barbed wire entanglements were an unavoidable element in trench warfare, and posed a serious threat to all men going 'over the top'. 〔Keegan, John. ''World War'', 176.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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